Issues

Intravaginal neomycin can pull CD8 T cells to the vaginal mucosa.

Neomycin-recruited CD8 T cells become tissue resident and protect mice from HSV-2.

Neomycin can replace recombinant chemokine CXCL10 in prime and pull vaccine.

TCR stimulation induces intracellular iron flux that correlates with proliferation.

Iron fuels proliferation by contributing to IL-2R signaling in activated T cells.

Iron is required for proper mitochondrial function after T cell activation.

Posttranslationally methylated peptides can be recognized by human T cells.

Methyl lysines are part of the T cell epitope on heparin-binding hemagglutinin.

Methylated peptides induce IFN-γ secretion upon M. tuberculosis infection.

Slit2, a neuron repellant, can determine fibrocyte cytokine expression repertoires.

Slit2 attenuates IL-23 while enhancing IL-12.

Divergent IL-23 and IL-12 expression is mediated through JNK.

Reduced IL-37 was associated with the pathogenesis of MG.

Tfh and B cells highly express IL-37 receptor SIGIRR.

IL-37 represses the activation of Tfh and B cells via STAT3 signaling.

The citric acid cycle metabolite fumarate upregulates ULBP2/5 surface expression.

A high fumarate level induces redox changes, resulting in ROS production.

ROS production by fumarate associates with ULBP2/5 surface expression.

Ezh2 is required for repression of ILC2 transcription factors in pro-B lymphocytes.

Lin28b is expressed in Ezh2-deficient pro-B lymphocytes.

Ezh2 limits conversion of adult pro-B lymphocytes into fetal-like B-1 cells.

KIR genes evolved rapidly in closely related macaque species and their populations.

Hybrid KIR genes in macaques are generated frequently by recombination.

Tolerizing liposomes encapsulate a high-affinity islet CD4⁺ mimotope with calcitriol.

Liposome administration s.c. at onset of hyperglycemia suppresses diabetes progression.

Mimotope-specific T cells cross-regulate IGRP-specific CD8⁺ T cells in PLN.

γδ T cells expand and develop cytolytic potential in response to malaria cultures.

γδ T cells inhibit parasite growth in a contact- and granzyme-dependent manner.

Granulysin delivers granzyme B into RBCs to kill late-stage parasites.

ZIKV inhibits AMPK signaling and increases glycolysis to promote viral replication.

AMPK potentiates antiviral immune response and inhibits ZIKV-induced glycolysis.

AMPK ablation increases ZIKV replication and reduces innate antiviral responses.

IFNK expression is regulated by AP2α/γ, SMAD4, jun-B, and p63 in keratinocytes.

The TGF-β pathway activates IFNK expression via jun-B and SMAD4.

ERK1/2 inhibit IFNK expression.

Neutralizing mAb 1G2 recognized only monomer E protein under nonreducing conditions.

Broadly cross-reactive epitope 227GSSAGTWQN235 was identified.

1G2 could completely protect mice against lethal DTMUV challenge.

12/15-Lipoxygenase is required for inflammatory responses during fungal infection.

12/15-Lipoxygenase is required for neutrophil granulopoiesis.

Intestinal DCs migrate to RLN on ReA onset.

TNFRp55 deficiency promotes CCR7 expression.

FTY720 reduces DC migration and suppresses ReA.

Antileishmanial drugs inhibit CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation.

Antileishmanial drugs inhibit IL-12 expression in monocytes.

Amphotericin B induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Zebrafish NIK positively regulates antiviral response through the induction of IFN.

IKKα phosphorylates the NIK at the residue Thr⁴³².

The IKKα–NIK complex mediates the activation of IRF3 and NF-κB.

4-1BBL signaling regulates metabolism and polarization in macrophages.

Blocking 4-1BBL signaling alleviates the severity of psoriasis in mice.

Targeting 4-1BBL signaling can be an option for treating psoriasis in patients.

OTUD1 restricts IRF3 activity in a nonproteolytic manner.

OTUD1 deubiquitinates and inhibits DNA binding capacity of IRF3.

Virus-induced K6-linked ubiquitination of IRF3 is indispensable for its DNA binding capacity.

Stable ficolin-2/-3 heterocomplexes exist in normal human serum and plasma.

Concentrations of ficolin-2/-3 complexes correlate with ficolin-2 and -3 in plasma.

GSDMEb is an evolutionary pyroptosis executor downstream of caspy2 in zebrafish.

Caspy2–GSDMEb signaling activation drives proximal renal tubular damage.

GSDMEb cleavage-mediated pyroptosis enhances septic AKI in vivo.

A single-chain pHLA phage library was used to profile TCR specificities for pHLA.

TCRs that bind to a common peptide can target different features of the peptide.

Engaging different peptide features results in distinct peptide repertoires.

Kindlin-3–PXN/LPXN interact by the F0 domain of Kindlin-3 and the LIM4 domain of PXN/LPXN.

The Kindlin-3–PXN/LPXN link limits membrane blebbing and macrophage migration.

Kindlin-3–PXN/LPXN interactions inhibit macrophage phagocytosis.

Osteopontin promotes homeostasis of mouse and human IEL, mediated by its ligand CD44.

iCD8α cells produce osteopontin, which impacts the survival of other IEL.

Lack of osteopontin renders mice susceptible to intestinal inflammation.

The UBC-GFP transgene is inserted next to the MHC locus on mouse chromosome 17.

UBC-GFP BALB/cBy congenic mice retain their founder UBC-GFP C57BL/6 MHC haplotype.

IFN-γ primes the NOD2 pathway in AML, increasing susceptibility to MTP-PE.

MTP-PE plus IFN-γ induces AML blast apoptosis via caspase-1.

MTP-PE plus IFN-γ matures and activates disease-suppressed NK cells.

The NSG/α-Gal^null mouse model mimics the human tissues in lacking α-Gal epitopes.

Humanized NSG/α-Gal^null mice support the development of functional human B cells.

Humanized NSG/α-Gal^null mice secrete human Abs to α-Gal epitopes.