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Issues

IN MEMORIAM

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2769–2772.

TOP READS

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2773–2774.

BRIEF REVIEWS

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2775–2783.

CUTTING EDGE

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2785–2790.

  • Mild COVID-19 cases have increased memory B cells 1 mo after symptom onset.

  • BCR repertoires of mild COVID-19 cases are clonally diverse and mutated.

ALLERGY AND OTHER HYPERSENSITIVITIES

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2791–2802.

  • The activation of mast cells via IgE signaling induces the early phase of PFAS.

  • IL-33 and TSLP involve the pathogenesis of PFAS.

  • Our murine model might provide a useful therapeutic platform for PFAS.

AUTOIMMUNITY

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2803–2818.

  • miR-21 has context-dependent effects on AFC and GC responses.

  • miR-21 promotes TLR7-driven autoimmunity with activation of multiple B cell pathways.

  • miR-21 is required for optimal B cell responses to T-dependent foreign Ag.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2819–2827.

  • CDCP1 is detectable on DCs and its expression is upregulated by CAWS stimulation.

  • Absence of CDCP1 attenuates cardiac vasculitis in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease.

CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2828–2838.

  • IL-7 and IL-15 levels reflect the degree of T cell depletion early after HSCT.

  • Elevated IL-7 and IL-15 are associated with expansion of memory T cells.

  • Low IL-7 and IL-15 levels are associated with aGvHD in children treated with ATG.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2839–2851.

  • Human UCB B cells express a variable, interindividually conserved Ig repertoire.

  • UCB B cells respond efficiently to stimulation, favoring IgA plasma cell fate.

  • UCB B cells are similar but not identical to murine B-1 cells.

IMMUNE REGULATION

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2852–2861.

  • HSV-2 gD inhibits TNF-α–mediated NF-κB activation.

  • HSV-2 gD interacts with p65 to inhibit p65 nuclear translocation.

IMMUNOTHERAPY AND VACCINES

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2862–2874.

  • Novel anti–CD37CAR-T cells were developed to target another B cell Ag.

  • Shorter spacer length CAR mediated the attenuated signaling rather than longer spacer CAR.

  • Optimizing the spacer length minimized fratricide to maintain the antitumor effect.

INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2875–2887.

  • TCR affinity determines the speed and magnitude of the CD4+ T cell response.

  • IL-12 rather than TCR affinity controls Th1 effector function acquisition.

  • TCR affinity calibrates cell division to time IL-12Rβ2 upregulation.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2888–2899.

  • ADA administration prevents host tissue damage and bacterial burden.

  • ADA differentially inhibits AURKA–WNT signaling with activation of the HIPPO pathway.

  • HIPPO signaling positively regulates anti-inflammatory genes and resolvins.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2900–2908.

  • T cells are increasingly activated and apoptotic during acute COVID-19.

  • Acutely ill COVID-19 patients display mitochondrial metabolic defects in T cells.

  • These T cells show impaired metabolic reprogramming upon activation in vitro.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2909–2923.

  • PEDV M protein inhibits type I IFN production.

  • PEDV M protein interacts with the ID of IRF7 to suppress IRF7 activation.

  • The 1-55 region of M protein is essential for disruption of IRF7 function.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2924–2936.

  • CX3CR1+PD-1+ CD8 T cells contain a quiescent subset with progenitor-like features.

  • TIM3CX3CR1+ cells are intermediates during a transition of TPEX to CX3CR1+ cells.

  • TCF-1+TOXlo memory-like cells are derived from CX3CR1+ exhausted CD8 T cells.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2937–2948.

  • Human and mouse CVT CD8 T cells share matching phenotypes.

  • CVT memory CD8 T cells decay faster than their circulating and gut counterparts.

  • This numerical decline in the CVT is associated with impaired early viral control.

INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2949–2965.

  • NF90 and NF110 isoforms of ILF3 restrain monocyte-derived DC maturation.

  • ILF3 dampens sensing of HIV-1 and other innate immune agonists of TLR7/8 and cGAS.

  • NF110–ILF3 regulates genes associated with DC maturation and cholesterol homeostasis.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2966–2979.

  • Knockout of Mkp-1 exacerbates cytokine storms during E. coli–induced sepsis.

  • Mkp-1 restrains IFN-β expression in macrophages by controlling p38 activity.

  • Blocking type I IFN signaling during E. coli infection exacerbates disease severity.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2980–2988.

  • IRAK-M deficiency skews the expansion of low-grade inflammatory Ly6C++ monocytes.

  • Inflammatory monocytes due to IRAK-M deletion express elevated CD40 and CD11a.

  • IRAK-M suppresses monocyte inflammatory polarization through inhibiting TRAM.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 2989–2999.

  • Epithelial IL-33 secretion involves IL-33 signaling via its ST2 receptor.

  • IL-33–dependent signaling activates Src kinase and EGFR.

  • Epithelial IL-33 signaling involves activation of the NADPH oxidase DUOX1.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3000–3009.

  • SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins in isolation activate inflammatory responses.

  • Lung inflammation depends on alveolar epithelial cell type I IFN signaling.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3010–3020.

  • LPS induces PDE10A upregulation in macrophages in vitro and in lung tissues.

  • PDE10A regulates MCP-1 production in macrophages.

  • PDE10A inhibition reduces lung inflammation in mouse models of LPS exposure.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3021–3031.

  • Low pHe increases mitochondrial biogenesis and function in macrophages.

  • Low pHe induces M2-like polarization, reducing immune responsiveness.

  • These changes are reversible when normal pH is restored.

MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL IMMUNOLOGY

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3032–3042.

  • Complement receptor 3 forms a high-affinity complex with iC3b.

  • In solution, iC3b appears to have a preferred location of the thioester domain.

  • The CR3 headpiece molecule is valuable for analysis of receptor–ligand interactions.

MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3043–3052.

  • Gut bacteria induce a unique subset of ILC3s expressing granzyme B.

  • Gut bacteria induce IL-15, which stimulates granzyme B expression in ILC3s.

  • ILC3s respond to IL-15 via cis and trans presentation during bacteria exposure.

TRANSPLANTATION

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3053–3063.

  • Systemic infusion of SHED-EVs ameliorates SLE-like phenotypes in MRL/lpr mice.

  • SHED-EVs improve hematopoiesis and immunoregulation of recipient BMMSCs.

  • SHED-EV–impacted BMMSC functions are dependent on rescuing the telomerase activity.

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3064–3072.

  • KIR Cen B is associated with protection from relapse following HCT.

  • KIR Cen B02 provides stronger protection against relapse.

  • Protection from relapse associates with presence of less inhibitory KIR.

NOVEL IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3073–3082.

  • ChipCytometry was used for multiplex immunophenotyping of human tonsils.

  • It is viable for high-content profiling of cell suspensions and tissue sections.

  • ChipCytometry can identify and localize cell populations and rare cell types.

CORRECTIONS

J Immunol (2021) 206 (12): 3083–3084.

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