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J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2899–2900.

BRIEF REVIEWS

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2901–2912.

ANTIGEN RECOGNITION AND RESPONSES

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2913–2921.

  • Surface-trapped TNF-α and single-cell sequencing can identify Ag-specific TCRs.

  • Exogenous TCR expression in donor cells allows characterization and epitope mapping.

AUTOIMMUNITY

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2922–2932.

  • Btk supports autoreactive B cells through an early immune tolerance checkpoint.

  • Btk mediates antiapoptotic Bcl-xL expression in anergic anti-insulin B cells.

  • Mature autoreactive B cells do not require Btk for survival or Ag presentation.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2933–2943.

  • Nimodipine alleviates EAU by regulating T cells through the p38–MAPK pathway.

  • Nimodipine suppresses the T cells on proliferation, activation, and differentiation.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2944–2951.

  • H2-O deficiency does not predispose to organ-specific or systemic autoimmunity.

  • H2-O controls the establishment of a chronic γ-herpesvirus infection.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2952–2965.

  • The linkage of ERAP1 with increased susceptibility to CNS autoimmunity is confirmed.

  • ERAP1-mediated susceptibility to CNS autoimmunity is B cell intrinsic.

  • The IL-10+ CNS immune compartment at the single-cell and protein levels is reconstructed.

IMMUNE REGULATION

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2966–2975.

  • CD29 expression enriches for cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in blood, tumor, and CMV infection.

  • CD29hiCD4+ T cells produce more proinflammatory cytokines and granzymes.

  • CD29hiCD4+ T cells have superior killing capacity against tumor cells in vitro.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2976–2991.

  • RUNX1 reduces cell cycle and immediate early gene expression in naive B cells.

  • BCR stimulation triggers a switch from RUNX1 to RUNX3 binding at cell cycle genes.

  • Notch signaling is downregulated by RUNX1 in follicular B cells.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 2992–3003.

  • IRF4 is limiting for efficient production of high-affinity GCBs.

  • Irf4 haploinsufficiency causes suboptimal regulation of Blimp-1 expression in GCBs.

  • Irf4 haploinsufficient cells are competitively disadvantaged for T cell help.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3004–3015.

  • CD24 and IgM cause transfer of CD24, IgM, and lipid between B cells.

  • Transfer of lipid and IgM is mediated by extracellular vesicles.

  • The transferred CD24 and IgM are functional in recipient cells.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3016–3027.

  • Multiorgan inflammation with IFN signature is observed in Adar1K948N/K948N mice.

  • White matter abnormalities and gliosis are detected in aged Adar1K948N/K948N mice.

  • A K948N point mutation reduces ADAR1 p150–mediated RNA editing, activating MDA5.

IMMUNE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3028–3037.

  • LT-HSCs retain the potential to develop into TRMΦ but are tissue specific.

  • Large/small peritoneal MΦ exhibit a dual ontogeny, with yolk sac and LT-HSC origins.

  • Brain-resident microglia are not regenerated by fetal LT-HSCs.

INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3038–3049.

  • 13 plays a role in integrin-dependent neutrophil transendothelial migration.

  • 13 enhances motility but did not affect directionality of neutrophil migration.

  • Integrin outside-in signaling mediates Gα13-dependent neutrophil migration.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3050–3059.

  • Zebrafish sirt7 negatively regulates antiviral responses.

  • Zebrafish sirt7 attenuates irf3 and irf7 phosphorylation.

  • Sirt7 carries out its suppressive role in antiviral responses independent of its enzymatic activity.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3060–3069.

  • CgPDGFRβ bound different bacteria and interacted with CgSrc.

  • The activated CgSrc interacted with CgStat to induce its nuclear translocation.

  • CgPDGFRβ-mediated signaling induced the production of immune effectors.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3070–3080.

  • IL-33 activity is mediated by cell surface ST2L and antagonized by decoy soluble ST2.

  • Il13−/− mice had heightened IL-33 responses relative to WT.

  • IL-13 limits IL-33 activity by modulating the transmembrane and soluble forms of ST2.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3081–3089.

  • Lean Il4raΔmyel mice have a deteriorated insulin sensitivity.

  • Obese Il4raΔmyel mice have a rather improved metabolic phenotype.

  • IL-13 stimulation increases CD11c expression in macrophages.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3090–3097.

  • FAM177A1 is a negative regulator of IL-1β–induced signaling.

  • FAM177A1 inhibits TRAF6-mediated polyubiquitination.

  • FAM177A1 impairs TRAF6–Ubc13 interaction.

MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL IMMUNOLOGY

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3098–3106.

  • Notch signaling enhances SMAD-dependent expression of mucosal mast cell markers.

  • Notch signaling regulates epigenetic modification of mucosal mast cell marker genes.

  • Notch signaling promotes the nuclear localization of SMADs 3 and 4 in mast cells.

TRANSPLANTATION

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3107–3121.

  • In vivo development of alloprimed CD8+ CTLs requires iNKT or CD4+ T cell help.

  • iNKTs promote the in vivo development of alloprimed CXCR3+CCR4+CD8+ T cells.

  • CXCR3+CCR4+CD8+ T cells are a multipotent, highly cytotoxic CD8+ T cell subset.

TUMOR IMMUNOLOGY

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3122–3130.

  • Obesity enhances tumor growth while priming macrophages for inflammatory phenotypes.

  • The obesity-associated hormone leptin is sufficient to enhance antitumor immunity.

  • Leptin reprograms macrophages to complement PD-1 blockade immunotherapy.

J Immunol (2021) 207 (12): 3131–3140.

  • β2-Adrenergic signaling impacts monocyte-derived cells rather than dendritic cells.

  • Propranolol improves cancer vaccine treatment of melanoma in mice.

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