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BRIEF REVIEW
AUTOIMMUNITY
The Aconitate Decarboxylase 1/Itaconate Pathway Modulates Immune Dysregulation and Associates with Cardiovascular Disease Markers and Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Lack of endogenous ACOD1 exacerbates immune dysregulation and organ damage in murine lupus.
Lupus-relevant stimuli associated to the TLR7 pathway are associated with regulation of ACOD1 expression in macrophages.
Itaconate serum levels are decreased in SLE patients and associate with disease activity and cardiometabolic dysfunction.
IMMUNE REGULATION
Sustained Alleviation of Autoimmunity by Activating α2B-adrenergic Receptors
α2B/α2C-Adrenergic receptor activation causes Treg-dependent immune suppression.
AGN-762 represents a novel class of α2 subtype-selective anti-inflammatory drugs.
IMMUNOTHERAPY AND VACCINES
A Broad-specificity Neutralizing Nanobody against Hepatitis E Virus Capsid Protein
G3-p239-Nb55 and fenobody-55 can block p239 attachment and HEV infection of host cells.
Fenobody-55 can completely neutralize HEV in vivo with nonenveloped HEV.
The epitope was, to our knowledge, a novel conformational and a highly conserved one.
INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION
Neutrophil Heterogeneity Is Modified during Acute Lung Inflammation in Apoa1−/− Mice
Apoa1−/− mice have increases in specific neutrophil and macrophage clusters in the lung during acute inflammation mediated by LPS+HDM, as well as enhanced expression of a common set of proinflammatory genes composed of S100a8, S100a9, and Lcn2.
Modifications in neutrophil and macrophage heterogeneity may contribute to the mechanism by which apoA-I attenuates acute airway inflammation.
Single-cell Transcriptional Landscape of Temporal Neutrophil Response to Burn Wound in Larval Zebrafish
Functional diverse myeloid subsets are examined in larval zebrafish with and without burn wounds.
Higher level neutrophil–macrophage communication is examined in burn wound condition.
Zebrafish neutrophil subset signatures are associated with human burn severity.
Palmitoylation of NLRP3 Modulates Inflammasome Activation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Development
NLRP3 is palmitoylated on Cys419 during inflammasome activation.
ZDHHC17 is the predominant enzyme mediating NLRP3 palmitoylation.
2-Bromopalmitate treatment can rescue mice from dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis.
HIF-1 Transcriptionally Regulates Basal Expression of STING to Maintain Cellular Innate Immunity
HIF-1α maintains the basal expression of STING by regulating its transcription.
HIF-1α is involved in the regulation of STING-mediated type I IFN signaling.
HIF-1α inhibits the replication of alphaherpesvirus.
Transcription Factor Activity Regulating Macrophage Heterogeneity during Skin Wound Healing
Transcription factor activity in wound macrophages inferred from single cell data.
Networks of transcription factors regulate wound macrophage heterogeneity.
NR4A1 promotes proinflammatory macrophage phenotype during wound healing.
β2-Integrins Regulate Microglial Responses and the Functional Outcome of Hemorrhagic Stroke In Vivo
β2-Integrin dysfunction leads to improved functional outcome in hemorrhagic stroke.
β2-Integrins regulate microglial responses, which may affect stroke outcome.
NOVEL IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
Imaging the Architecture of Granulomas Induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection with Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Tuberculosis granulomas in rabbit and macaque lungs were imaged with smFISH.
mRNA makers were used for spatial mapping of immune cell subtypes in tuberculosis granulomas.
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Cover Image
Cover Image
On the cover: A digital map of high-density regions of immune cells expressing combinations of markers in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced granuloma. Color keys: IBA1 (green), TNF mRNA (red), IFNγ mRNA (blue), no significant marker expression (grey). Combinatorial expressions give rise to composite colors: yellow (red+green), magenta (red+blue), cyan (green+blue), white (all three). Kumar, R., A. Kolloli, S. Subbian, D. Kaushal, L. Shi, and S. Tyagi. 2024. Imaging the architecture of granulomas induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization. J. Immunol. 213: 526–537.
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